European Union
Europe Business Tools & Calculators
Free business calculators designed for European markets. VAT calculators for 14 countries — from Germany (19%) to Finland (25.5%) — plus working day calculators with national public holidays. Covers EU and non-EU countries including Switzerland and Norway. Each country has its own VAT tiers and holiday calendar.
13
European countries covered
8–25.5%
Standard VAT range
~251
Working days per year
Mon–Fri
Standard working week
Tax & VAT
VAT Calculator Europe
Multi-country EU tool
Germany VAT (MwSt)
19% standard / 7% reduced
France VAT (TVA)
20%, 10%, 5.5%, or 2.1%
Spain VAT (IVA)
21%, 10%, or 4%
Italy VAT (IVA)
22%, 10%, 5%, or 4%
Netherlands VAT (BTW)
21% standard / 9% reduced
Belgium VAT (BTW/TVA)
21%, 12%, or 6%
Ireland VAT
23%, 13.5%, 9%, or 0%
Poland VAT (PTU)
23%, 8%, or 5%
Switzerland VAT (MWST)
8.1%, 3.8%, or 2.6%
Austria VAT (MwSt)
20%, 13%, or 10%
Denmark VAT (Moms)
Flat 25% — no reduced rate
Sweden VAT (Moms)
25%, 12%, or 6%
Norway VAT (MVA)
25%, 15%, or 12%
Finland VAT (ALV)
25.5%, 14%, or 10%
Working Days
Working Days Europe
Multi-country EU tool
Germany Working Days
9 nationwide public holidays
France Working Days
11 jours feries
Spain Working Days
10 national holidays
Italy Working Days
11 national holidays
Netherlands Working Days
Incl. King's Day
Belgium Working Days
Incl. National Day (21 July)
Ireland Working Days
Incl. St. Brigid's Day
Poland Working Days
13 national holidays
Switzerland Working Days
10 federal holidays
Austria Working Days
13 national holidays
Denmark Working Days
10 helligdage (Store Bededag abolished)
Sweden Working Days
13 röda dagar
Norway Working Days
Incl. Constitution Day (17 May)
Finland Working Days
Incl. Independence Day (6 Dec)
All Tools
All Europe Tools
VAT Calculator Europe
Calculate VAT across 11 EU countries in one tool. Select a country, enter an amount, and get the gross, net, and VAT breakdown instantly.
Working Days Calculator Europe
Count working days with country-specific public holiday exclusions across all major EU markets.
Germany VAT (MwSt) Calculator
Add or remove German Mehrwertsteuer at the standard 19% rate or reduced 7% rate. Used for goods, services, and B2B invoicing.
Germany Working Days Calculator
Count German working days excluding 9 nationwide public holidays, including German Unity Day and Christmas. Approximately 250 working days per year.
France VAT (TVA) Calculator
Calculate French Taxe sur la Valeur Ajoutee at 20%, 10%, 5.5%, or super-reduced 2.1%. Covers standard and reduced-rate goods.
France Working Days Calculator
Count French working days excluding 11 national jours feries, including Bastille Day (14 July) and Armistice Day. Approximately 252 working days per year.
Spain VAT (IVA) Calculator
Calculate Spanish Impuesto sobre el Valor Anadido at the standard 21%, reduced 10%, or super-reduced 4% rate.
Spain Working Days Calculator
Count Spanish working days excluding 10 national public holidays. Regional holidays in communities such as Catalonia and the Basque Country may add further days off.
Italy VAT (IVA) Calculator
Calculate Italian IVA at the standard 22%, reduced 10%, 5%, or super-reduced 4% rate. Covers retail, B2B, and import scenarios.
Italy Working Days Calculator
Count Italian working days excluding 11 national public holidays, including Ferragosto (15 August) and the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. Approximately 252 working days per year.
Netherlands VAT (BTW) Calculator
Calculate Dutch Belasting over de Toegevoegde Waarde at the standard 21% or reduced 9% rate. The 9% rate covers food, medicine, and books.
Netherlands Working Days Calculator
Count Dutch working days excluding public holidays including King's Day (27 April) and Liberation Day (5 May). Approximately 252 working days per year.
Belgium VAT (BTW/TVA) Calculator
Calculate Belgian VAT at 21%, 12%, 6%, or zero rate. Belgium uses both BTW (Dutch) and TVA (French) terminology for the same tax.
Belgium Working Days Calculator
Count Belgian working days excluding national holidays including National Day (21 July) and Armistice Day. Approximately 251 working days per year.
Ireland VAT Calculator
Calculate Irish VAT at the standard 23%, reduced 13.5%, second-reduced 9%, or zero rate. Ireland has the highest standard VAT rate in the EU8 covered here.
Ireland Working Days Calculator
Count Irish working days excluding public holidays including St. Patrick's Day (17 March) and St. Brigid's Day (first Monday in February). Approximately 250 working days per year.
Poland VAT (PTU) Calculator
Calculate Polish Podatek od Towarow i Uslug at the standard 23%, reduced 8%, or 5% rate. Poland uses PLN, not euros.
Poland Working Days Calculator
Count Polish working days excluding 13 national public holidays, including Corpus Christi and All Saints' Day. Approximately 251 working days per year.
Switzerland VAT (MWST) Calculator
Add or remove Swiss Mehrwertsteuer at 8.1% standard, 3.8% hotel, or 2.6% reduced rate. Uses CHF. Switzerland is not in the EU and has the lowest standard VAT rate in Europe.
Switzerland Working Days Calculator
Count Swiss working days excluding the 10 nationwide federal public holidays for 2026. Switzerland has fewer national holidays than most EU neighbours — cantons may add extra.
Austria VAT (MwSt) Calculator
Add or remove Austrian Mehrwertsteuer at 20% standard, 13% (cultural events), or 10% (food, hotel, books) reduced rates. Uses EUR.
Austria Working Days Calculator
Count Austrian working days excluding all 13 national public holidays for 2026, including National Day (26 Oct), Corpus Christi, and Immaculate Conception (8 Dec).
Denmark VAT (Moms) Calculator
Add or remove Danish Moms at the flat 25% rate. Denmark has no reduced VAT rate — all taxable goods and services use the single 25% rate. Uses DKK.
Denmark Working Days Calculator
Count Danish working days excluding all 10 helligdage for 2026. Store Bededag was abolished in 2024. The 4-day Easter cluster (Maundy Thursday–Easter Monday) is the most disruptive period.
Sweden VAT (Moms) Calculator
Add or remove Swedish Moms at 25%, 12% (food, hotel, restaurants), or 6% (books, culture, transport). Sweden is in the EU but uses SEK, not euros.
Sweden Working Days Calculator
Count Swedish working days excluding 13 röda dagar for 2026. The May–June cluster (Labour Day, Ascension, National Day, Whit Sunday) is the most holiday-dense period.
Norway VAT (MVA) Calculator
Add or remove Norwegian Merverdiavgift at 25% standard, 15% food, or 12% (hotel, transport, cinema). Uses NOK. Norway is not in the EU.
Norway Working Days Calculator
Count Norwegian working days excluding 12 helligdager for 2026. Includes Constitution Day (17 May / Grunnlovsdag). May is the most disrupted month.
Finland VAT (ALV) Calculator
Add or remove Finnish ALV at 25.5% standard (raised from 24% Sep 2024), 14% food, or 10% (books, medicine, hotel, transport). Uses EUR.
Finland Working Days Calculator
Count Finnish working days excluding 13 pyhäpäivät for 2026. Includes Vappu (1 May), Independence Day (6 Dec), and Epiphany (6 Jan).
Business Days Calculator
Universal business day calculator for any country. Count working days between two dates excluding weekends.
Invoice Due Date Calculator
Calculate European payment due dates from an invoice date and net terms (Net 7, 14, 30, 60, 90).
Margin Calculator
Calculate gross profit margins from cost and selling price. Useful for cross-border European trade and pricing.
Markup Calculator
Calculate selling price from cost plus markup percentage, or find implied markup from cost and sell price.
CBM Calculator
Calculate shipping volume in cubic metres for European logistics, LCL freight, and warehouse planning.
European VAT Rates Quick Reference
| Country | Code | Standard Rate | Main Reduced Rate | Working Days/yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | DE | 19% | 7% | ~250 |
| France | FR | 20% | 5.5% | ~252 |
| Spain | ES | 21% | 10% | ~252 |
| Italy | IT | 22% | 10% | ~252 |
| Netherlands | NL | 21% | 9% | ~252 |
| Belgium | BE | 21% | 6% | ~251 |
| Ireland | IE | 23% | 13.5% | ~250 |
| Poland | PL | 23% | 8% | ~251 |
| Switzerland | CH | 8.1% | 2.6% | ~252 |
| Austria | AT | 20% | 10% | ~251 |
| Denmark | DK | 25% | — | ~252 |
| Sweden | SE | 25% | 12% | ~251 |
| Norway | NO | 25% | 12% | ~251 |
| Finland | FI | 25.5% | 14% | ~250 |
Rates are for reference only. Always verify current rates with official sources before filing. Click a country name to open its dedicated calculator. Working days figures are approximate and exclude regional holidays.
Europe Business FAQs
How does European VAT differ from UK VAT?
European VAT and UK VAT operate on the same fundamental mechanism — a multi-stage consumption tax collected at each point in the supply chain with input tax recovery for registered businesses. The key differences are the rates and the administrative framework. UK VAT uses three tiers (20% standard, 5% reduced, 0% zero) and is governed by HMRC under domestic law following Brexit. EU member states set their own rates within EU VAT Directive minimums: the standard rate must be at least 15%, and reduced rates are permitted only for specific goods and services listed in the Directive. This means EU rates vary significantly by country — from Germany's 19% to Ireland's 23%. Cross-border B2B sales within the EU use the reverse charge mechanism; UK businesses selling into the EU must register for VAT in the relevant member state or use the OSS scheme.
What is the EU standard working week?
The EU Working Time Directive establishes a maximum working week of 48 hours averaged over 17 weeks, with a minimum daily rest period of 11 consecutive hours. In practice, the standard working week across EU member states is Monday to Friday, 40 hours. Some countries have collective agreements that set lower contractual hours — France's 35-hour week being the most well-known. Weekend days are Saturday and Sunday in all covered countries. Public holidays are set at national or sometimes regional level and vary significantly: Germany has 9 nationwide holidays but German states add further regional ones, while Poland has 13 national holidays.
Do all EU countries have the same VAT rates?
No. EU member states set their own VAT rates within limits set by the EU VAT Directive. The standard rate must be at least 15%; there is no upper limit, though political pressure keeps rates broadly in the 17–27% range. Reduced rates apply to specific categories defined in the Directive, such as food, medicines, and books. The rates covered here range from Germany's 19% standard rate (the lowest of this group) to Italy's 22% and Ireland's and Poland's 23%. Reduced rates also differ: Germany's reduced rate is 7% while Ireland's is 13.5% for construction and hospitality. Always use the country-specific calculator for the correct rate.
How are bank holidays handled in EU working day calculators?
Each EU country maintains its own statutory public holiday list. Our working day calculators exclude weekends (Saturday and Sunday) plus all national public holidays for the selected country. Germany is notable because, in addition to 9 nationwide holidays, each of the 16 federal states adds 1 to 3 regional public holidays — the Germany calculator uses the nationwide minimum set applicable to all states. Spain similarly has 10 national holidays plus regional holidays declared by each autonomous community. If your business operates in a specific region, check whether additional regional holidays apply. For cross-border deadline planning, always use the calculator for the country where the counterparty is located.
How many working days does France have in a year?
France has approximately 252 working days per year: 365 calendar days minus 104 weekend days minus the 11 jours fériés (national public holidays) that fall on weekdays. May is the most disruptive month in France — Labour Day (1 May), Victory in Europe Day (8 May), and Ascension Day (a Thursday) can each fall on weekdays, potentially removing up to 3 working days in a single month. Use the France Working Days Calculator to count the exact number for any date range.
What is the Belgian VAT rate and when does it apply?
Belgium has three VAT (BTW/TVA) rates: the standard rate of 21% applies to most goods and services; the 12% reduced rate applies to restaurant services and social housing; the 6% rate covers food, medicines, books, public transport, and energy. Belgium was the first country to introduce a VAT system in Europe and uses dual terminology — BTW in Dutch and TVA in French — for the same tax. Both acronyms appear on Belgian invoices. Use the Belgium VAT Calculator to add or remove VAT at any of the three rates.
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Start with a European calculator
All EU tools are free and browser-based. Country-specific rates and holidays included.